Category Archives: stock market

A Useful Interest Rate Indicator

May 9, 2019educational newsletters, ETFS, jay kaeppel, stock marketadmin

2018 witnessed something of a “fake out” in the bond market. After bottoming out in mid-2016 interest rates finally started to “breakout” to new multi-year highs in mid to late 2018. Then just as suddenly, rates dropped back down.

Figure 1 displays the tendency of interest rates to move in 60-year waves – 30 years up, 30 years down. The history in this chart suggests that the next major move in interest rates should be higher.Figure 1 – 60-year wave in interest rates (Courtesy: www.mcoscillator.com)

A Way to Track the Long-Term Trend in Rates

Ticker TNX is an index that tracks the yield on 10-year treasury notes (x10). Figure 2 displays this index with a 120-month exponential moving average overlaid. Think of it essentially as a smoothed 10-year average.

Figure 2 – Ticker TNX with 120-month EMA (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Interpretation is pretty darn simple. If the month-end value for TNX is:

*Above the 120mo EMA then the trend in rates is UP (i.e., bearish for bonds)

*Below the 120mo EMA then the trend in rates is DOWN (i.e., bullish for bonds)

Figure 3 displays 10-year yields since 1900 with the 120mo EMA overlaid. As you can see, rates tend to move in long-term waves.

Figure 3 – 10-year yield since 1900 with 120-month exponential moving average

Two key things to note:

*This simple measure does a good job of identifying the major trend in interest rates

*It will NEVER pick the top or bottom in rates AND it WILL get whipsawed from time to time (ala 2018).

*Rates were in a continuous uptrend from 1950 to mid-1985 and were in a downtrend form 1985 until the 2018 whipsaw.

*As you can see in Figure 2, it would not take much of a rise in rates to flip the indicator back to an “uptrend”.

With those thoughts in mind, Figure 4 displays the cumulative up or down movement in 10-year yields when, a) rates are in an uptrend (blue) versus when rates are in a downtrend (orange).

Figure 4 – Cumulative move in 10-year yields if interest rate trend is UP (blue) or DOWN (orange)

You can see the large rise in rates from the 1950’s into the 1980’s in the blue line as well as the long-term decline in rates since that time in the orange line. You can also see the recent whipsaw at the far right of the blue line.

Summary

Where do rates go from here? It beats me. As long as the 10-year yield holds below its long-term average I for one will give the bond bull the benefit of the doubt. But when the day comes that 10-year yields move decisively above their long-term average it will be essential for bond investors to alter their thinking from the mindset of the past 30+ years, as in that environment, long-term bonds will be a difficult place to be.

And that won’t be easy, as old habits die hard.

Figure 5 is from this article from BetterBuyandHold.com and displays the project returns for short, intermediate and long term bonds if rates were to reverse the decline in rates since 1982.Figure 5 – Projected total return for short, intermediate and long-term treasuries if rates reverse decline in rate of past 30+ years (Courtesy: BetterBuyandHold.com)

When rates finally do establish a new rising trend, short-tern and intermediate term bonds will be the place to be. When that day will come is anyone’s guess. But the 10-year yield/120mo EMA method at least we have an objective way to identify the trend shortly after the fact.

Jay Kaeppel

Disclaimer: The data presented herein were obtained from various third-party sources. While I believe the data to be reliable, no representation is made as to, and no responsibility, warranty or liability is accepted for the accuracy or completeness of such information. The information, opinions and ideas expressed herein are for informational and educational purposes only and do not constitute and should not be construed as investment advice, an advertisement or offering of investment advisory services, or an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any security.

Trend-Following in One Minute a Month (A Quick Update)

April 16, 2019educational newsletters, jay kaeppel, stock marketadmin

This article is intended to be a quick update to this article. The original idea is based on the theory propounded by Ken Fischer that suggests that one should not worry about a “top” in the stock market until after the market goes at least 3 months without making a new high.

Three things to note:

*Like all trend-following methods the one detailed in the linked article will experience an occasional whipsaw, i.e., a sell signal at one price followed some time later by a new buy signal with the market at a higher price.

*Like any good trend-following method the real purpose is to help you avoid some significant portion of any major longer-term bear market, i.e., 1973-74, 2000-2002, 2007-2009).

*The secondary purpose is to relieve an investor of that constant “Is this the top, wait, what about this this, this looks like the top, OK never mind, but this, this time it definitely has to be the top” syndrome.

The Rules

For a full explanation of the rules please read the linked article. In general, though:

*A “Sell alert” occurs when the market makes a 6-month high, then goes 3 full calendar months without piercing that high

*The “trigger” price is the lowest low for the 3 months following the previous high

*A “Sell signal” occurs at the end of the month IF the “trigger” price is pierced to the downside during the current month

*The “trigger” is no longer valid if the S&P 500 makes a high above the high for the previous 6 months prior to an actual “Sell signal”

*If a “Sell signal” occurs then a new “Buy signal” occurs when the S&P 500 makes a high above the high for the previous 6 months

Sounds complicated, but its’s not. Figure 1 displays the signals and alerts and trigger prices since 2005.

Green Arrows = Buy Signal

Red Arrows = Sell Signal

Red horizontal lines = Sell trigger price

Figure 1 – One Minute a Month Trend-Following Alerts, Trigger prices and Signals (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Note that actual sell signals occurred in 2008, 2011 and 2015. The signal in 2008 was a life-saver, while the signals in 2011 and 2015 resulted in small whipsaws. Sorry folks, that’s just the nature of the beast.

Interestingly, there have been two “Sell alerts” in the last year. The first occurred at the end of April 2018, however, that alert was invalidated at the end of August 2018 when the S&P 500 pierced the previous 6-month high. Another alert occurred at the end of December 2018. The “Trigger price” is the December 2018 low of 2346.58. That trigger is still active but could be invalidated if the month of May 2019 makes a high above whatever the high for April 2019 turns out to be.

The key point here is that despite the volatility and painful sell-offs in October and December of 2018, the “system” has remained on a buy signal.

Where to from here? We’ll just have to wait and see.

Jay Kaeppel

An Obscure But Useful Trend-Following Tool

November 16, 2018indexes, jay kaeppel, stock market, technical indicatoradmin

Everyone has heard about trend-following. And most traders have at least a foggy grasp of the relative pros and cons associated with trend following. And anyone who has ever employed any type of trend-following technique is aware that they are great when there is an actual trend, but that whipsaws are inevitable.

What I am about to show you will not change these facts. But today’s piece is just a “quickie” to highlight an obscure way to use a common indicator as a “confirmation/ denial” check when assessing the trend of a given security. For the record, I am making no claim that this indicator generates profitably “trading signals in and of itself. Its one of those things that – and I hate this phrase as much as you do but – should be used in conjunction with other indicators to get a good sense of the current “state of the trend” for a given security.

Nothing more, nothing less.

MACD Stretched Long

Most traders are familiar with the MACD indicator. Originally popularized by Gerald Appel, it uses a set of moving averages to attempt to assess the trend in price (and many traders also use it to try to identify overbought or oversold situations). Standard parameters are 9,26 and 12. The version I use is different in several ways:

*Whereas the standard MACD generates two lines and a histogram can be drawn of the difference between the two, this version just generates one line – we will call in the trend line (catchy, no?)

*We will use parameters of 40 and 105

*One other note is that (at least according to me) this indicator is best used with weekly data.

The MACD4010501

Here is the formula for AIQ TradingExpert Expert Design Studio:

Define ss3 40.

Define L3 105.

ShortMACDMA3 is expavg([Close],ss3)*100.

LongMACDMA3 is expavg([Close],L3)*100.

MACD4010501Value is ShortMACDMA3-LongMACDMA3.

As I said this should be used with “other” indicators. For example, one might consider the current price versus a 40-week moving average.

Standard Interpretation:

*If price is above the 40-week moving average (or if whatever other trend-following indicator you are using is bullish), AND

*The MACD4010501 is trend higher THEN

ONLY play the long side of that security

Likewise:

*If price is below the 40-week moving average (or if whatever other trend-following indicator you are using is bearish), AND

*The MACD4010501 is trend lower THEN

ONLY play the short side of that security (or at least DO NOT play the long side)

Finally, DO NOT assume that every change of trend in MACD4010501 is some sort of buy or sell signal. Consider it only as a filter for your trades.

Some random examples appear in Figures 1 through 4 (click to enlarge any chart)

Figure 1 – AMZN (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Figure 2 – IBM (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Figure 3 – WMT (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Figure 4 – TLT (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Summary

To repeat, the proper use of this obscure version of the popular MACD indicator is as follows:

*Consider the trend of MACD4010501

*Consider one or more other trend-following indicators

*If there is bullish agreement, then apply your own shorter-term entry and exit techniques to trade the long side.

*If there is bearish agreement, then apply your own shorter-term entry and exit techniques to trade the short side (or simply stand aside).

Trade on!

Jay Kaeppel

New Highs, Check…Now What?

September 25, 2018educational newsletters, ETFS, indexes, jay kaeppel, stock market, Stock tradingadmin

Let’s open with Jay’s Trading Maxim #7.

Jay’s Trading Maxim #7: Being able to identify the trend today is worth more than 1,000 predictions of what the trend will be in the future.

Yes trend-following is boring. And no, trend-following never does get you in near the bottom nor out at the top. But the reality is that if you remain long when the trend appears to be up (for our purposes here let’s define this roughly as the majority of major market averages holding above their long-term moving averages) and play defense (i.e., raise cash, hedge, etc.) when the trend appears to be down (i.e., the majority of major market averages are below their long-term moving averages), chances are you will do pretty well for yourself. And you may find yourself sleeping pretty well at night as well along the way.

To put it more succinctly:

*THE FOREST = Long-term trend

*THE TREES = All the crap that everyone tells you “may” affect the long-term trend at some point in the future

Human nature is a tricky thing. While we should clearly be focused on THE FOREST the reality is that most investors focus that majority of their attention on all those pesky trees. Part of the reason for this is that some trees can offer clues. It’s a question of identifying a few “key trees” and then ignoring the rest of the noise.

A New High

With the Dow Industrials rallying to a new high virtually all the major averages have now reached a new high at least within the last month. And as you can see in Figure 1 all are well above their respective 200-day moving average. Long story short the trend is “UP”.

(click to enlarge)Figure 1 – U.S. Major Market Indexes in Uptrends (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Now What? The Good News

As strong as the market has been of late it should be noted that we are about to enter the most favorable seasonal portion of the 48-month election cycle. This period begins at the close of September 2018 and extends through the end of December 2019.

Figure 2 displays the growth of $1,000 invested in the Dow Industrials only during this 15-month period every 4 years. Figure 3 displays the actual % +(-) for each of these periods. Note that since 1934-35, the Dow has showed a gain 20 out of 21 times during this period.

Figure 2 – Growth of $1,000 invested in Dow Industrials ONLY during 15 bullish months (mid-term through pre-election year) within 48-month election cycle.

Start Date	End Date	Dow % +(-)
9/30/1934	12/31/1935	+55.6%
9/30/1938	12/31/1939	+6.2%
9/30/1942	12/31/1943	+24.5%
9/30/1946	12/31/1947	+5.1%
9/30/1950	12/31/1951	+18.9%
9/30/1954	12/31/1955	+35.5%
9/30/1958	12/31/1959	+27.7%
9/30/1962	12/31/1963	+31.8%
9/30/1966	12/31/1967	+16.9%
9/30/1970	12/31/1971	+17.0%
9/30/1974	12/31/1975	+40.2%
9/30/1978	12/31/1979	(-3.1%)
9/30/1982	12/31/1983	+40.4%
9/30/1986	12/31/1987	+9.7%
9/30/1990	12/31/1991	+29.2%
9/30/1994	12/31/1995	+33.1%
9/30/1998	12/31/1999	+46.6%
9/30/2002	12/31/2003	+37.7%
9/30/2006	12/31/2007	+13.6%
9/30/2010	12/31/2011	+13.0%
9/30/2014	12/31/2015	+2.2%

Figure 3 – 15 bullish months (mid-term through pre-election year) within 48-month election cycle

Now What? The Worrisome Trees

While the major averages are setting records a lot of other “things” are not. My own cluster of “market bellwethers” appear in Figure 4. Among them the Dow Transportation Index is the only one remotely close to a new high, having broken out to the upside last week. In the meantime, the semiconductors (ticker SMH), the inverse VIX index ETF (ticker ZIV) and Sotheby’s (ticker BID) continue to meander/flounder. This is by no means a “run for the hills” signal. But the point is that at some point I would like to see some confirmation from these tickers that often (though obviously not always) presage trouble in the stock market when they fail to confirm bullish action in the major averages.

(click to enlarge)Figure 4 – Jay’s 4 Bellwethers (SMH/TRAN/ZIV/BID) (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Another source of potential concern is the action of, well, the rest of the darn World. Figure 5 displays my own regional indexes – Americas, Europe, Asia/Pacific and Middle East. They all look awful.

(click to enlarge)Figure 5 – 4 World Regional Indexes (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Now the big question is “will the rest of the world’s stock markets start acting better, or will the U.S. market start acting worse?” Sadly, I can’t answer that question. The key point I do want to make though is that this dichotomy of performance – i.e., U.S market soaring, rest of the world sinking – is unlikely to be sustainable for very long.

Summary

It is hard to envision the market relentlessly higher with no serious corrections over the next 15 months. And “yes”, those bellwether and world region indexes trees are “troublesome”.

Still the trend at the moment is inarguably “Up” and we about to enter one of the most seasonally favorable periods for the stock market.

So, my advice is simple:

1) Decide now what defensive actions you will take if the market does start to breakdown

2) Resolve to actually take those actions if the need arises

3) Enjoy the ride as long as it lasts.

Jay Kaeppel

The SPX ‘Magic Number’

August 26, 2018ETFS, indexes, stock marketadmin

According to one simple technique the “Magic Number” for the S&P 500 Index is 2872.87. According to this simple technique if the S&P 550 Index closes above this number the stock market “should” continue to be bullish for at least another year.

Sounds optimistic? Well, there certainly are no “sure things” in the financial markets. Still, let’s take a closer look.

The Simple Technique

The technique I mentioned works like this:

When the S&P 500 Index:

*Closes at its highest price in the past 252 trading days

*For the 1st time in the most recent 126 trading days

*It generates a bullish signal for the next 252 trading days

In essence, we are talking about buying when the index makes a 1-year high for the 1st time in 6 months and holding for 1 year.

Figure 1 displays the most recent previous buy signal that occurred on 7/11/16. The sell date was 252 trading days later on 7/11/17.

Figure 1 – 2016 Signal (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Figure 2 displays the signal before that which occurred on 2/27/12. The sell date was 252 trading days later on 2/26/13.

Figure 2 – 2012 Signal (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Figure 3 displays all the signals since 1933.

Buy Date	Sell Date	Buy Price	Sell Price	%+(-)
5/27/33	4/6/34	9.64	10.95	+13.6
5/18/35	3/20/36	9.87	15.04	+52.4
10/6/38	8/9/39	12.82	11.78	(8.1)
10/7/42	8/10/43	9.17	11.71	+27.7
6/1/44	4/7/45	12.31	13.84	+12.4
5/15/48	4/8/49	16.55	14.97	(9.5)
10/5/49	8/23/50	15.78	18.82	+19.3
3/5/54	3/4/55	26.52	37.52	+41.5
8/4/58	8/4/59	47.94	60.61	+26.4
1/10/61	11/2/62	58.97	57.75	(2.1)
4/15/63	4/15/64	69.09	80.09	+15.9
4/24/67	4/25/68	92.62	96.62	+4.3
4/30/68	6/9/69	97.46	101.2	+3.8
1/8/71	1/6/72	92.19	103.51	+12.3
2/7/72	2/8/73	104.54	113.16	+8.2
6/24/75	6/22/76	94.19	103.47	+9.9
8/1/78	7/31/79	100.66	103.81	+3.1
8/14/79	8/12/80	107.52	123.79	+15.1
10/8/82	10/6/83	131.05	170.28	+29.9
11/7/84	11/7/85	169.17	192.62	+13.9
10/19/88	10/18/89	276.97	341.76	+23.4
5/30/90	2/13/92	360.86	413.69	+14.6
7/30/92	7/29/93	423.92	450.24	+6.2
2/6/95	2/5/96	481.14	641.43	+33.3
9/3/03	9/2/04	1026.27	1118.31	+9.0
11/5/04	11/4/05	1166.17	1220.14	+4.6
10/13/09	10/13/10	1073.19	1178.1	+9.8
11/5/10	11/4/11	1225.85	1253.23	+2.2
2/27/12	2/26/13	1367.59	1496.94	+9.5
7/11/16	7/11/17	2137.16	2425.53	+13.5

Figure 3 – Previous Signals

Things to note:

*27 of the 30 signals (i.e., 90%) have witnessed a 12-month gain

*3 of 30 signals (i.e., 10%) have witnessed a loss

*The last “losing trade” occurred in 1961-1962

*The last 20 signals have been followed by a 12-month gain for the S&P 500

*The average of all 30 signals is +13.9%

*The average for all 27 winning trades is +16.1%

*The average of all 3 losing trades is -6.6%

*The worst losing trade was -9.5%

Two Technical Notes

Believe it or not, into the early 1950’s the stock market used to be open on Saturday. So those days counted toward the 126 and 252 trading days counts. This explains why the buy and sell dates prior to 1954 were less than one calendar year apart.

It is possible to get a new signal before an existing signal reaches it’s Sell Date. In those rare cases we simply extend the holding period an additional 252 trading days. This occurred in 1961-1962, 1968-1969, 1990-1992.

Figure 4 shows that SPX is very close to generating a new signal. The most recent high close was in January at 2872.87 which was more than 126 trading days ago. A new signal will occur if SPX closes above that level.

Figure 4 – Potential new signal forming (Courtesy AIQ TradingExpert)

Summary

The Good News is that this technique has a 90% accuracy rate and that one good day in the market could generated a new buy signal. The Bad News is that – as I mentioned earlier – there are no “sure things” in the market. Given that this particular method is on a 20-trade winning streak, it is understandable to think that maybe the law of averages is against it this time.

We’ll just have to wait and see what happens.

Jay Kaeppel

AIQ TradingExpert Pro

World Leader in Intelligent Trading Software

Category Archives: stock market

A Useful Interest Rate Indicator

Trend-Following in One Minute a Month (A Quick Update)

An Obscure But Useful Trend-Following Tool

New Highs, Check…Now What?

The SPX ‘Magic Number’